Zhou, B., Luo, Y., Ji, N., Hu, C
Because AOD-9604 does not bind to growth hormone receptors in liver, muscle, or adipose tissue, it cannot trigger the metabolic pathways that mediate growth hormones counter-regulatory effects on glucose metabolism
The risk of reduced potency or contamination increases each day past the BUD, and the potential consequences, including injection site infections and lost therapeutic effect, outweigh the cost savings of finishing a nearly empty vial
However, a 2020 report highlights that further research is necessary to understand the potential role of vitamin B12 in the development of diabetes
Depending on the individual, monthly injections of B12 may be sufficient for some, while others may need more frequent doses